Cell Types

Prokaryotic cells are the simplest type of cells, lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. These cells are typically found in bacteria and archaea.

• Nucleoid Region: Area where the cell's DNA is located, not enclosed by a membrane.
• Plasma Membrane: Surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.
• Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis, floating freely in the cytoplasm.
• Cell Wall: Provides structural support and protection, typically composed of peptidoglycan in bacteria.

Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells, containing a nucleus and various membrane-bound organelles. They make up all plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells.

• Nucleus: Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.
• Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Involved in the synthesis of proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).
• Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.