Overview of the Arab-Israeli Conflict

The historical background of the Arab-Israeli conflict is rooted in the late Ottoman period, British colonial policies, and the rise of nationalism among both Jews and Arabs in the early 20th century.

• Ottoman Rule: The region was under Ottoman control until the end of World War I, with a diverse population of Muslims, Christians, and Jews.
• British Mandate: After WWI, the British took control of Palestine, leading to increased tensions between Jews and Arabs as Jewish immigration grew.
• UN Partition Plan: In 1947, the UN proposed a partition plan to create separate Jewish and Arab states, leading to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

The conflict has been marked by several key events that have shaped its course, including wars, peace efforts, and changes in leadership.

• 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Following the British withdrawal and the declaration of the state of Israel, a war broke out, leading to significant territorial changes and the displacement of Palestinians.
• Six-Day War (1967): Israel captured significant territories, including the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem, increasing tensions with Arab states.
• Intifadas: Palestinian uprisings against Israeli occupation, particularly in the late 1980s and early 2000s, highlighted the ongoing struggle for Palestinian statehood.